NEWS Press release: Trace Metal Content of Coal Exacerbates Air-Pollution-Related Health Risks: The Case of Lignite Coal in Kosovo

New Study Chal­lenges Health Impacts of ‘Clean Coal’ Technologies

Berke­ley, CA, Feb­ru­ary 26, 2018 – A research team from the UC Berke­ley Cen­ter for Green Chem­istry and the UC Berke­ley Renew­able and Appro­pri­ate Ener­gy Lab­o­ra­to­ry found that lig­nite coal used to pro­duce elec­tric­i­ty in the Balkan coun­try of Koso­vo con­tains high­er lev­els of arsenic, chromi­um, and nick­el com­pared to oth­er types of coal found world­wide, which could exac­er­bate pre­ma­ture deaths from air pol­lu­tion aris­ing from coal combustion.

A new study pub­lished in Envi­ron­men­tal Sci­ence and Tech­nol­o­gy finds that the trace met­al con­tent of lig­nite coal varies geo­graph­i­cal­ly and can con­tain tox­ic trace met­als that appear in par­tic­u­late mat­ter emit­ted from coal plants. The study chal­lenges the con­cept of so-called “clean coal” technologies.

The study found that up to 2,300 pre­ma­ture deaths in Koso­vo could be avoid­ed by by switch­ing from the use of coal pow­er plants to renew­able ener­gy alter­na­tives. This is pri­mar­i­ly due to mit­i­gat­ing par­tic­u­late mat­ter emis­sions from exist­ing coal plants, and this find­ing could have an impact on plans to build anoth­er new coal-fired pow­er plant in Kosovo.

As mul­ti-lat­er­al inter­na­tion­al devel­op­ment banks, such as the World Bank, seek to pro­vide loan guar­an­tees for new ener­gy projects, the study says banks should addi­tion­al­ly con­sid­er pub­lic health cri­te­ria in their invest­ment frame­works before mak­ing loan decisions.

Cou­pled with the Berke­ley researchers’ pre­vi­ous find­ings in a study appear­ing in Envi­ron­men­tal Research Let­ters that the coal-based path is the most expen­sive cost option to pur­sue for a future reli­able elec­tric­i­ty grid, the new study shows that choos­ing coal pow­er also exac­er­bates pub­lic health in the form of pre­ma­ture deaths and res­pi­ra­to­ry illness.

The new study high­lights the pres­ence of tox­ic trace met­als in cer­tain lig­nite coals glob­al­ly.  Addi­tion­al­ly, the researchers see the need for future research to under­stand the chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion of par­tic­u­late mat­ter emis­sions from the com­bus­tion of var­i­ous types of coal, as low-rank coals—such as the abun­dant lig­nite coal read­i­ly avail­able in Kosovo—may pose more seri­ous human and envi­ron­men­tal health risks than bitu­mi­nous or anthracite.

Notably, the study pro­pos­es the impor­tance of research­ing the effects of advanced pol­lu­tion con­trol tech­niques, includ­ing selec­tive cat­alyt­ic reduc­tion, fab­ric fil­ters, flue gas desul­phur­iza­tion units, and elec­tro­sta­t­ic pre­cip­i­ta­tors. While invest­ments in these tech­nolo­gies may reduce nitro­gen oxides and sul­fur emis­sions, they may fail to address tox­ic trace met­al pres­ence inher­ent in the pre-com­bust­ed coal.

Tak­en togeth­er, the results demon­strate that future invest­ments in ener­gy effi­cien­cy and renew­able ener­gy are crit­i­cal to ensur­ing a sus­tain­able ener­gy tran­si­tion in Koso­vo. Since what hap­pens in Koso­vo may impact the fate of oth­er coun­tries seek­ing loans for new projects—such as Mon­go­lia, Pak­istan, and Vietnam—countries using lig­nite coal should take note.

Invest­ments in solar elec­tric­i­ty could not only save 200–300 mil­lion Euros in cap­i­tal costs but also pre­vent 2300 pre­ma­ture deaths and over one mil­lion hos­pi­tal admis­sions (more than 2/​3 the pop­u­la­tion of Koso­vo) dur­ing the next decade.

 

New Study Chal­lenges Health Impacts of ‘Clean Coal’ Technologies

 

Berke­ley, CA, Feb­ru­ary 26, 2018 – A research team from the UC Berke­ley Cen­ter for Green Chem­istry and the UC Berke­ley Renew­able and Appro­pri­ate Ener­gy Lab­o­ra­to­ry found that lig­nite coal used to pro­duce elec­tric­i­ty in the Balkan coun­try of Koso­vo con­tains high­er lev­els of arsenic, chromi­um, and nick­el com­pared to oth­er types of coal found world­wide, which could exac­er­bate pre­ma­ture deaths from air pol­lu­tion aris­ing from coal combustion.

 

A new study pub­lished in Envi­ron­men­tal Sci­ence and Tech­nol­o­gy finds that the trace met­al con­tent of lig­nite coal varies geo­graph­i­cal­ly and can con­tain tox­ic trace met­als that appear in par­tic­u­late mat­ter emit­ted from coal plants. The study chal­lenges the con­cept of so-called “clean coal” technologies.

The study found that up to 2,300 pre­ma­ture deaths in Koso­vo could be avoid­ed by by switch­ing from the use of coal pow­er plants to renew­able ener­gy alter­na­tives. This is pri­mar­i­ly due to mit­i­gat­ing par­tic­u­late mat­ter emis­sions from exist­ing coal plants, and this find­ing could have an impact on plans to build anoth­er new coal-fired pow­er plant in Kosovo.

As mul­ti-lat­er­al inter­na­tion­al devel­op­ment banks, such as the World Bank, seek to pro­vide loan guar­an­tees for new ener­gy projects, the study says banks should addi­tion­al­ly con­sid­er pub­lic health cri­te­ria in their invest­ment frame­works before mak­ing loan decisions.

Cou­pled with the Berke­ley researchers’ pre­vi­ous find­ings in a study appear­ing in Envi­ron­men­tal Research Let­ters that the coal-based path is the most expen­sive cost option to pur­sue for a future reli­able elec­tric­i­ty grid, the new study shows that choos­ing coal pow­er also exac­er­bates pub­lic health in the form of pre­ma­ture deaths and res­pi­ra­to­ry illness.

The new study high­lights the pres­ence of tox­ic trace met­als in cer­tain lig­nite coals glob­al­ly.  Addi­tion­al­ly, the researchers see the need for future research to under­stand the chem­i­cal com­po­si­tion of par­tic­u­late mat­ter emis­sions from the com­bus­tion of var­i­ous types of coal, as low-rank coals—such as the abun­dant lig­nite coal read­i­ly avail­able in Kosovo—may pose more seri­ous human and envi­ron­men­tal health risks than bitu­mi­nous or anthracite.

Notably, the study pro­pos­es the impor­tance of research­ing the effects of advanced pol­lu­tion con­trol tech­niques, includ­ing selec­tive cat­alyt­ic reduc­tion, fab­ric fil­ters, flue gas desul­phur­iza­tion units, and elec­tro­sta­t­ic pre­cip­i­ta­tors. While invest­ments in these tech­nolo­gies may reduce nitro­gen oxides and sul­fur emis­sions, they may fail to address tox­ic trace met­al pres­ence inher­ent in the pre-com­bust­ed coal.

Tak­en togeth­er, the results demon­strate that future invest­ments in ener­gy effi­cien­cy and renew­able ener­gy are crit­i­cal to ensur­ing a sus­tain­able ener­gy tran­si­tion in Koso­vo. Since what hap­pens in Koso­vo may impact the fate of oth­er coun­tries seek­ing loans for new projects—such as Mon­go­lia, Pak­istan, and Vietnam—countries using lig­nite coal should take note.

Invest­ments in solar elec­tric­i­ty could not only save 200–300 mil­lion Euros in cap­i­tal costs but also pre­vent 2300 pre­ma­ture deaths and over one mil­lion hos­pi­tal admis­sions (more than 2/​3 the pop­u­la­tion of Koso­vo) dur­ing the next decade.

Screen Shot 2018-02-26 at 4.40.53 PM

Screen Shot 2018-02-26 at 4.41.05 PM

Screen Shot 2018-02-26 at 4.41.19 PM

Screen Shot 2018-02-26 at 4.41.34 PM

Ref­er­ences:

Kit­tner, N., Fadadu, R.P., Buck­ley, H.L., Schwarz­man, M.R., Kam­men, D.M. (2018). Trace Met­al Con­tent of Coal Exac­er­bates Air-Pol­lu­tion-Relat­ed Health Risks: The Case of Lig­nite Coal in Koso­vo. Envi­ron­men­tal Sci­ence and Tech­nol­o­gy. 52(4), 2359–2367.

Kit­tner, N., Dim­co, H., Aze­mi, V., Tairyan, E., Kam­men, D.M. (2016). An ana­lyt­ic frame­work to assess future elec­tric­i­ty options in Koso­vo. Envi­ron­men­tal Research Let­ters. 11(10) 104013.s

To access the pub­li­ca­tion, click here.

Browse News

Main Menu
RAEL Info

Energy & Resources Group
310 Barrows Hall
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720-3050
Phone: (510) 642-1640
Fax: (510) 642-1085
Email: ergdeskb@berkeley.edu


Projects

  • Open the Main Menu
  • People at RAEL

  • Open the Main Menu